All papers submitted to the journal must conform to Pertanika style. Failure to do so will result in return of the manuscript and possible delay in publication.>

Pertanika has introduced a new submission policy with immediate effect to simplify the manuscript submission procedure.

Please refer to the Pertanika's "Manuscript Submission Guide" for information on how to submit an article to Pertanika. Please read the guide carefully before you submit your article to Pertanika using the "Manuscript Submission Kit". You may download the Guide and the Kit by clicking at the links above, or you could obtain these from the Executive Editor's office.

To aid you further with the manuscript preparation, you should also refer to the Journal's comprehensive guidelines "Instructions to Authors" (JTAS, JST, JSSH).

The Manuscript Submission Kit enables you to complete all the information requested electronically. You may return the completed documents to me via email together with the softcopy of your manuscript in Microsoft Word, version 2003 or 2007.

You may visit the Journal's profile at http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/ for details.

Please do not submit manuscripts directly to the Editor-in-Chief or to any other office. All manuscripts should be submitted through the Executive Editor's office to be properly acknowledged and rapidly processed:

All submissions must be accompanied by a cover letter detailing what you are submitting. Papers are accepted for publication in the journal on the understanding that the article is original and the content has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere. This must be stated in the cover letter.

The cover letter must also contain an acknowledgement that all authors have contributed significantly, and that all authors are in agreement with the content of the manuscript.

The cover letter of the paper should contain (i) the title; (ii) the full names of the authors; (iii) the addresses of the institutions at which the work was carried out together with (iv) the full postal and email address and telephone numbers of the author to whom correspondence about the manuscript should be sent. The current address of any author, if different from that where the work was carried out, should be supplied in a footnote.

Articles submitted to Pertanika for intended publication undergo a double-blind review process. Material that might identify authorship of the paper should be placed on a cover sheet.

Note: When your manuscript is received at Pertanika it is considered to be in its final form. Therefore, you need to check your manuscript carefully before submitting it to the Executive Editor (see also English language editing below).

For preparation of manuscripts on disk, articles prepared using any one of the more popular word-processing packages are acceptable. Submissions should be made on either a CD or DVD. The format, word-processor format, file name(s) and the title and authors of the article must be indicated on the disk/CD. The disk must always be accompanied by a hard-copy version of the article, and the content of the two must be identical. The disk text must be the same as that of the final refereed, revised manuscript. Disks formatted for IBM PC compatibles are preferred, though those formatted for Apple Macintosh are acceptable. The article must be saved in the native format of the word processor used, e.g. Microsoft Word (office version), etc. Although most popular word processor file formats are acceptable, we cannot guarantee the usability of all formats. If the electronic copy proves to be unusable, we will publish your article from the hard copy. Please do not send ASCII files, as relevant data may be lost. Leave a blank line between each paragraph and between each entry in the list of bibliographic references. Tables should be placed in the same electronic file as the text. Authors should consult a recent issue of the Journal for table layout.

Pertanika emphasizes on the linguistic accuracy of every manuscript published. Thus all authors are required to get their manuscripts edited by professional English language editors.

Author(s) must provide a certificate confirming that their manuscripts have been adequately edited. A proof from a recognised editing service should be submitted together with the cover letter at the time of submitting a manuscript to Pertanika. All costs will be borne by the author(s).

This step, taken by authors before submission, will greatly facilitate reviewing, and thus publication if the content is acceptable. You may seek professional editing service from the following editors. The author(s) are not, however, bound by these suggestions.

1. Doreen Dillah (tel: +6019 8949 849) doreen.dillah@yahoo.com
2. Monica Christopher Monica.Christopher@gmail.com
3. Crescentia Morais baruchcres@gmail.com

Authors who require the return of any submitted material that is rejected for publication in the journal should indicate on the cover letter. If no indication is given, that author's material should be returned, the Editorial Office will dispose of all hardcopy and electronic material.

Authors publishing the Journal will be asked to sign a declaration form. In signing the form, it is assumed that authors have obtained permission to use any copyrighted or previously published material. All authors must read and agree to the conditions outlined in the form, and must sign it or agree that the corresponding author can sign on their behalf. Articles cannot be published until a signed form has been received.