PERTANIKA PROCEEDINGS

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• Adanan, I. C., Wasli, M. E., Perumal, M., & Ho, S. Y. (2020). Characterization of soil properties in relation to Shorea macrophylla growth performance under sandy soils at Sabal Forest Reserve, Sarawak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(4), 1467–1475. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210426

• Appanah, S. (1993). Mass flowering of dipterocarp forests in the aseasonal tropics. Journal of Biosciences, 18(4), 457–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02703079

• Ashton, P. S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. Flora Malesiana, 9(1), 237–552.

• Ashton, P. S., Gan, Y. Y., & Robertson, F. W. (1984). Electrophoretic and morphological comparisons in ten rain forest species of Shorea (Dipterocarpaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 89(4), 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1984.tb02561.x

• Chai, E. O. K. (1998). Aspects of a tree improvement programme for Shorea macrophylla (de Vriese) Ashton in Sarawak, Malaysia [Master’s thesis, University of Edinburgh]. GeoSciences PhD Thesis and Dissertation Collection. https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/13343/Chai1998.Pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

• Chandler, C. J., Heijden, G. M. F. V. D., Boyd, D. S., Cutler, M. E. J., Costa, H., Nilus, R., & Foody, G. M. (2021). Remote sensing liana infestation in an aseasonal tropical forest: Addressing mismatch in spatial units of analyses. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, 7(3), 397–410. https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.197

• Entri, D. A. (2013). Determination of Tor tambroides (empurau) growth rate using different feed system [Unpublished undergraduate’s thesis]. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.

• Gani, S. S. A., Basri, M., Rahman, M. B. A., Kassim, A., Rahman, R. N. Z. R. A., Salleh, A. B., & Ismail, Z. (2010). Characterization and effect on skin hydration of engkabang-based emulsions. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 74(6), 1188–1193. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.90915

• Grubb, P. J. (1977). The maintenance of species-richness in plant communities: The importance of the regeneration niche. Biological Reviews, 52(1), 107–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.1977.tb01347.x

• Harith, M. N., & Hassan, R. (2011). Blue-green algae and nutrient concentrations in two Tor tambroides aquaculture ponds differing in construction. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation, 8, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4820.5440

• Hotta, M. (1997). A taxonomic note of Shorea macrophylla group (Tengkawang) in West Kalimantan. Tropics, 7(1/2), 54–56. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.7.54

• Illiyin, M. R. N., Marikkar, J. M. N., Shuhaimi, M., Mahiran, B., & Miskandar, M. S. (2013). A comparison of the thermo-physical behavior of Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) seed fat - Canola oil blends and lard. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 90(10), 1485–1493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-013-2307-z

• Indriani, F., Siregar, U. J., Matra, D. D., & Siregar, I. Z. (2019). Ecological aspects and genetic diversity of Shorea balangeran in two forest types of Muara Kendawangan Nature Reserve, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 20(2), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200226

• Ismaili, G., Rahim, K. K. A., & Ismaili, Z. (2016). Strength group of Engkabang jantong as fast growing indigenous species timber in Sarawak. Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 3(2), 28–32.

• Kamarudin, M. S., Bami, M. L., Arshad, A., Saad, C. R., & Ebrahimi, M. (2017). Preliminary study of the performance of crude illipe oil (Shorea macrophylla) as a dietary lipid source for riverine cyprinid Tor tambroides. Fisheries Science, 84(2), 385–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-017-1160-7

• Kanzaki, M., Watanabe, M., Kuwahara, J., Kendawang, J. J., Lee, H. S., Serizawa, S., & Yamakura, T. (1996). Genetic structure of Shorea macrophylla in Sarawak, Malaysia. Tropics, 6(1/2), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.6.153

• Kenzo, T., Ichie, T., Ozawa, T., Kashimura, S., Hattori, D., Irino, K. O., Kendawang, J. J., Sakurai, K., & Ninomiya, I. (2007). Leaf physiological and morphological responses of seven dipterocarp seedlings to degraded forest environments in Sarawak, Malaysia: A case study of forest rehabilitation practice. Tropics, 17(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.17.1

• Lee, H. S., Itoh, A., Kanzaki, M., & Yamakura, T. (1997). Height growth of Engkabang Jantong, Shorea macrophylla (De Vr.) Ashton, in a plantation forest in Sarawak. Tropics, 7(1/2), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.7.67

• Leysia, C. (2012). Assessing soil characteristic under reforestation of indigenous tree species: A case study at Sampadi Forest Reserve , Lundu [Master’s thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak]. UNIMAS Institutional Repository. https://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/10140/

• Lo, Y. N. (1985). Root initiation of Shorea macrophylla cuttings: Effects of node position, growth regulators and misting regime. Forest Ecology and Management, 12(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(85)90135-5

• Mathiesen, U. B. (1994). Borneo illipe, a fat product from different Shorea spp. (Dipterocarpaceae). Economic Botany, 48(3), 231–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02862321

• Moura, C. C. D. M., Brambach, F., Bado, K. J. H., Krutovsky, K. V., Kreft, H., Tjitrosoedirdjo, S. S., Siregar, I. Z., & Gailing, O. (2019). Integrating DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy for the identification of dipterocarps in remnant lowland forests of Sumatra. Plants, 8(11). 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8110461

• Nawar, N. H. H. B. M. (2012). Importance of topography and soil physical properties on the growth of Shorea macrophylla under reforestation at Sampadi Forest Reserve [Unpublished undergraduate’s thesis]. University Malaysia Sarawak.

• Nesaretnam, K., & Ali, A. R. M. (1992). Engkabang (Illipe) - An excellent component for cocoa butter equivalent fat. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 60(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740600104

• Ng, K. K. S., Ang, K. C., & Lee, S. L. (2002). Mating system in a planted population of Shorea macrophylla (Dipterocarpaceae). Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 14(1), 145–149.

• Norazlin, M. H., Mahiran, B., Puziah, H., & Salwa, A. G. S. (2015). Improved properties of lipstick formulation with engkabang fats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics, 9(2), 125–128. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-8398.154712

• Nurtjahjaningsih, I. L. G., Widyatmoko, A. Y. P. B. C., Sulistyawati, P., & Rimbawanto, A. (2012). Screening penanda mikrosatelit Shorea curtisii terhadap jenis-jenis Shorea penghasil Tengkawang [Screening of microsatellite primers of Shorea curtisii for Shorea spp. producing Tengkawang oil]. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 6(1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2012.6.1.49-56

• Perumal, M., Wasli, M. E., & Ho, S. Y. (2019). Influences of inorganic and organic fertilizers to morphological quality attributes of Shorea macrophylla seedlings in a tropical nursery. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 20(8), 2110–2118. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200803

• Perumal, M., Wasli, M. E., & Ho, S. Y. (2021). Outplanting performance of the bornean tropical indigenous species Shorea macrophylla (de Vriese) P. S. Ashton in relation to seedling age. International Journal of Forestry Research, 2021, 8859205. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8859205

• Perumal, M., Wasli, M. E., Sani, H., & Ho, S. Y. (2013). Morphological and physicochemical properties of the soil planted with Shorea macrophylla at Sampadi Forest Reserve, Sarawak. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315116754_Morphological_and_Physicochemical_Properties_of_the_Soil_Planted_with_Shorea_macrophylla_at_Sampadi_Forest_Reserve_Sarawak

• Perumal, M., Wasli, M. E., Ying, H. S., Lat, J., & Sani, H. (2015). Soil morphological and physicochemical properties at reforestation sites after enrichment planting of Shorea macrophylla in Sampadi Forest Reserve, Sarawak, Malaysia. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 5(2), 28-43. https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.220.2015

• Rahman, N. F. A., Basri, M., Rahman, M. B. A., Rahman, R. N. Z. R. A., & Salleh, A. B. (2011). High yield lipase-catalyzed synthesis of Engkabang fat esters for the cosmetic industry. Bioresource Technology, 102(3), 2168–2176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.034

• Rahman, N. F. A., & Basri, M. (2013). Interactive effects of impeller speed and substrate molar ratio on synthesis of Engkabang fat esters. International Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Sciences, 1(3), 528–530.

• Redhwan, A. I., & Komilus, C. F. (2021). Mahseers in Malaysia: A review on feed for Tor tambroides (Empurau) cultured in captivity. https://conference.upm.edu.my/PSAF2021

• Riska., & Manurung, T. F. (2018). Morfologi vegetative jenis pohon Tengkawang (Shorea spp.) di Desa Mensiau Kecamatan Batang Lupar Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu [The vegetative morphology of Tengkawang tree species (Shorea spp.) in Mensiau Village, Batang Lupar Subdistrict, Kapuas Hulu Regency]. Jurnal Tengkawang, 8(2), 110–121. https://doi.org/10.26418/jt.v8i2.31077

• Rosdayanti, H., Siregar, U. J., & Siregar, I. Z. (2019). Karakter penciri morfologi daun Meranti (Shorea spp.) pada area Budidaya Ex-Situ KHDTK Haurbentes [Leaf morphology traits of Shorea spp. in Ex-Situ KHDTK Haurbentes]. Media Konservasi, 24(2), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.29244/medkon.24.2.207-215

• Roslan, N. I. M., Marikkar, J. M. N., Manaf, Y. N., Mustafa, S., & Miskandar, M. S. (2019). Effect of enzymatic transesterification using Mucor miehei lipase on physicochemical properties of Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) fat-canola oil blends. International Food Research Journal, 26(5), 1427–1435.

• Sidi, M. B., Wasli, M. E., Polly, E., Nahrawi, H., Elias, H., & Omar, D. (2021). Short communication : Incidence of insect pest on planted Shorea macrophylla at reforestation sites in Gunung Apeng National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas, 22(11), 5162–5168. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d221154

• Sulistyawati, P., & Widyatmoko, A. (2018). Hubungan kekerabatan Shorea gysbertsiana dengan tiga jenis Shorea penghasil Tengkawang lainnya berdasarkan penanda RAPD. [Genetic relationship of Shorea gysbertsiana with other three Shorea species producing Tengkawang based on RAPD marker]. Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan, 12(2), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpth.2018.12.2.85-94

• Tompsett, P. B. (1998). Seed physiology. In A. Simmathiri & J. M. Turnbull (Eds.), A review of Dipterocarps. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/000463

• Tsumura, Y., Kado, T., Yoshida, K., Abe, H., Ohtani, M., Taguchi, Y., Fukue, Y., Tani, N., Ueno, S., Yoshimura, K., Kamiya, K., Harada, K., Takeuchi, Y., Diway, B., Finkeldey, R., Na’iem, M., Indrioko, S., Ng, K. K. S., Muhammad, N., & Lee, S. L. (2011). Molecular database for classifying Shorea species (Dipterocarpaceae) and techniques for checking the legitimacy of timber and wood products. Journal of Plant Research, 124(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-010-0348-z

• Utomo, S., Uchiyama, K., Ueno, S., & Matsumoto, A. (2018). Effects of Pleistocene climate change on genetic structure and diversity of Shorea macrophylla in Kalimantan Rainforest. Tree Genetics and Genomes, 14, 44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-018-1261-1

• Windyarini, E., & Hasnah, T. M. (2015). Identifikasi dan evaluasi pertumbuhan semai jenis-jenis Shorea penghasil Tengkawang [Identification and evaluation of the growth of seedlings of Tengkawang-producing Shorea species]. Jurnal Wasian, 2(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.20886/jwas.v2i1.868

• Wong, S. L. (2009). Comparison of physical and strength properties for different age group of Shorea macrophylla [Unpublished undergraduate’s thesis]. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.

• Yanty, N. A. M., Marikkar, J. M. N., & Shuhaimi, M. (2013). Effect of fractional crystallization on composition and thermal properties of engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) seed fat and cocoa butter. Grasas y Aceites, 64(5), 546–553. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.023213

• Yunanta, R. R. K., Lukmandaru, G., & Fernandes, A. (2014). Sifat kimia dari kayu Shorea retusa, Shorea macroptera, dan Shorea macrophylla [Chemical properties of Shorea retusa, Shorea macroptera, and Shorea macrophylla]. Jurnal Penelitian Dipterokarpa, 8(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.20886/jped.2014.8.1.15-24