PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

Medina was a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society. The Prophet composed a document governing the relations between Muslims and other religious communities that would come to be known as "the Constitution of Medina". This document was, for all intents and purposes, a just constitution that established a type of contractual citizenship. It affirmed that those who were under its authority were one, cohesive, unified polity with all of its citizens enjoying equal rights and having the same duties. This document affirmed the unity of society in terms of religious pluralism and freedom of religion, but, despite its obvious importance, it has not garnered much scholarly attention. The objectives of this study are to: (i) identify the characteristics of Pluralism in Islamic City Planning; (ii) investigate the importance of Medina Charter towards Islamic City Planning; and (iii) develop better and more appropriate planning framework for Pluralistic Societies according to Islamic Principles. A qualitative method is adopted in this study which uses Content Analysis and Comparative Study to analyse secondary data. Findings indicate the most appropriate planning framework for plural societies like Malaysia is based on Islamic principles and the Medina Charter.